Kaposi’s Sarcoma is a rare form of cancer most commonly linked to weakened immune systems, especially in individuals with HIV/AIDS. This cancer primarily affects the skin, lymph nodes, and lower extremities, including the feet. However, it can also spread to internal organs such as the lungs and gastrointestinal tract.

While Kaposi’s Sarcoma can significantly impact a person’s quality of life—causing physical pain, swelling, and emotional distress—early diagnosis and medical treatment can help manage symptoms and slow disease progression.

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Causes of Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Kaposi’s Sarcoma is caused by the Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). Although many people may carry this virus without developing cancer, it poses a serious risk for those with compromised immune systems, especially individuals living with:

  • HIV/AIDS
  • Organ transplant recipients on immunosuppressive therapy
  • Other immune deficiency disorders

HHV-8 is primarily transmitted through saliva and sexual contact.

Symptoms of Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Symptoms vary based on where the disease manifests but often include:

  • Painless skin lesions – These may appear as red, purple, blue, brown, or black spots, plaques, or nodules. Lesions often grow larger and may ulcerate over time.
  • Swelling in the legs, feet, face, or arms – Caused by lymphatic blockage, this swelling can lead to pain, limited mobility, and discomfort.
  • Internal lesions – When Kaposi’s Sarcoma affects internal organs, it can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or difficulty breathing depending on the location.

If left untreated, Kaposi’s Sarcoma can progress and result in additional complications, including other forms of cancer such as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

Treatment for Kaposi’s Sarcoma

While there is no cure for Kaposi’s Sarcoma, treatments can control the disease, improve quality of life, and reduce symptoms. Options may include:

  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) – For individuals with HIV/AIDS, ART is essential to strengthen the immune system and reduce Kaposi’s Sarcoma progression.
  • Skin lesion management – Lesions may be treated with localized therapies such as laser treatment, cryotherapy, or topical medications.
  • Podiatric care – To reduce swelling and improve foot and leg function.
  • Systemic chemotherapy – Used when the disease has spread beyond the skin to internal organs or if lesions are widespread and severe.

If you notice persistent skin lesions or unusual swelling, especially if you have an underlying immune condition, speak with your healthcare provider immediately. Early intervention is key to managing Kaposi’s Sarcoma effectively and maintaining your overall well-being.